SMEs represent 44.90% of companies in Spain. Their classification depends on staff size, business volume, and annual balance sheet.
According to empresaactual.com, SMEs make up 44.90% of the companies in Spain. To interpret this figure, one must understand the types of companies based on their size, a criterion that in Spain follows the framework of the European Union.
The classification combines three criteria: the number of employees, that is, workers or salaried staff; the annual business volume, which refers to income from sales or services without discounts or indirect taxes like VAT; and the annual balance sheet, which reflects the value of the company's assets, including both goods and receivables. Generally, analyses are based solely on the number of employees, as cross-referencing all data is complex.
To qualify as an SME, a company must meet the staff limit and not exceed the business volume or balance figures. The definition is outlined in Annex I of the Commission Regulation (EU) No 651/2014, according to the consulted source.
A microenterprise has fewer than 10 employees and does not exceed 2 million euros in either business volume or balance. Bakeries, beauty salons, aesthetics, or fruit and vegetable stalls are common examples.
A small enterprise employs fewer than 50 people and does not exceed 10 million euros in business volume or balance. Medical clinics, mini-supermarkets, vehicle rental companies, or restaurants fit into this category.
A medium-sized enterprise has up to 250 employees and does not exceed 50 million euros in annual business volume or 43 million in balance. Construction companies and factories are examples of this group.
A company with 250 employees or more is considered a large enterprise. In economic criteria, a company is no longer classified as an SME when it exceeds the limits of a medium-sized enterprise.
When counting staff, individuals on internship or vocational training contracts, as well as parents enjoying parental leave, are not included.
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